Short Summary of Blockchain Classification

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Charlie Zhang
February 17, 2018
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Single Chain

One single block chain with all the transactions abiding by the same rules, such as Bitcoin

Multi-Chain

System involves in more than one chain with or without a central "master chain"

By Composition

  • Homogeneous:
    All chains abide by the same rules but with different data, such as Ardor
  • Heterogeneous:
    Each chain could have different rules and different data, such as Cosmos
  • Hybrid:
    Some chains are homogeneous and some chains are heterogeneous, such as Telegram TON

By Interoperability

  • Centralized or multisig notary schemes:
    Transactions take place on one chain with the validations carried out on another
    main chain or central chain, such as R3 Corda
  • Sidechains or Relays:
    Systems inside of one blockchain that can validate and read events and/or state in other blockchains, such as Rootstock
  • Hash-locking:
    Setting up operations on chain A and chain B that have the same trigger, usually the revelation of the preimage of a particular hash, such as Interledger and Lighting Network
  • Master Chain using PoS consensus with common API:
    This is more general and broader apply of the sidechain technology.  Normally sidechain is pegged to a "main" chain such as Bitcoin, whereas systems implementing this is a decentralized network of independent parallel blockchains, such as Cosmos, Polkadot and Telegram TON

Blockchains can be classified by accessibility and control as:

  • Public chains
  • Consortium/Permissioned chains
  • Private chains

单链系统

所有交易都遵守相同规则的单个区块链,例如比特币

多链系统

系统涉及多个区块链,有或没有中央主链

按构成划分

  • 同质组合:
    所有的区块链都遵守相同的规则,但处理不同的数据,例如Ardor
  • 异质组合:
    每个区块链可以有不同的规则和不同的数据,例如Cosmos
  • 混合组合:
    一些区块链是同质的,一些区块链是异质的,例如Telegram TON

按互通性划分

  • 单一或多重签名公证:
    交易在一条链上发生,签名验证在另一条主链或中心链上进行,例如R3 Corda
  • ä¾§é“¾æˆ–ä¸­ç»§ä¼ é€’ï¼š
    一个区块链可以验证和读取其他区块链中的事件和/或状态,例如Rootstock
  • 哈希锁:
    在链A和链Bä¸Šè®¾ç½®å…·æœ‰ç›¸åŒè§¦å‘çš„æ“ä½œï¼Œé€šå¸¸æ˜¯æ˜¾ç¤ºç‰¹å®šå“ˆå¸Œçš„é¢„æ˜ åƒï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚Interledger和Lighting Network
  • 采用PoS共识的主链结合通用API:
    这是侧链技术更通用和广泛的应用。通常情况下,侧链与比特币等主链相挂钩,而此类系统则是一个多条并行区块链互联的分散网络,例如Cosmos,Polkadot和Telegram TON

按照接入和控制权限可分为:

  • 公有链
  • 联盟/许可链
  • 私有链

Reference (参考资料):

https://www.r3.com/blog/2017/11/03/chain-interoperability-2/
https://www.ardor.world
https://www.rsk.co
https://interledger.org
https://lightning.network
https://cosmos.network
https://polkadot.network
https://www.jianshu.com/p/0add0dbb88b2
Telegram TON whitepaper

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