Single Chain
One single block chain with all the transactions abiding by the same rules, such as Bitcoin
Multi-Chain
System involves in more than one chain with or without a central "master chain"
By Composition
- Homogeneous:
All chains abide by the same rules but with different data, such as Ardor - Heterogeneous:
Each chain could have different rules and different data, such as Cosmos - Hybrid:
Some chains are homogeneous and some chains are heterogeneous, such as Telegram TON
By Interoperability
- Centralized or multisig notary schemes:
Transactions take place on one chain with the validations carried out on another
main chain or central chain, such as R3 Corda - Sidechains or Relays:
Systems inside of one blockchain that can validate and read events and/or state in other blockchains, such as Rootstock - Hash-locking:
Setting up operations on chain A and chain B that have the same trigger, usually the revelation of the preimage of a particular hash, such as Interledger and Lighting Network - Master Chain using PoS consensus with common API:
This is more general and broader apply of the sidechain technology. Normally sidechain is pegged to a "main" chain such as Bitcoin, whereas systems implementing this is a decentralized network of independent parallel blockchains, such as Cosmos, Polkadot and Telegram TON
Blockchains can be classified by accessibility and control as:
- Public chains
- Consortium/Permissioned chains
- Private chains
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Reference (åèèµæ):
https://www.r3.com/blog/2017/11/03/chain-interoperability-2/
https://www.ardor.world
https://www.rsk.co
https://interledger.org
https://lightning.network
https://cosmos.network
https://polkadot.network
https://www.jianshu.com/p/0add0dbb88b2
Telegram TON whitepaper